Moniem Tech - "Non-Stand Alone" (NSA) architecture, where the 5G Radio Access Network (AN), also called New Radio (NR) is used in conjunction with the existing LTE and EPC infrastructure Core Network (
![Typical LTE-A radio access network in urban area. (a) without RN (b)... | Download Scientific Diagram Typical LTE-A radio access network in urban area. (a) without RN (b)... | Download Scientific Diagram](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275951173/figure/fig1/AS:613872947965976@1523370124958/Typical-LTE-A-radio-access-network-in-urban-area-a-without-RN-b-with-RN.png)
Typical LTE-A radio access network in urban area. (a) without RN (b)... | Download Scientific Diagram
![LTE radio access network structure (a) without RN and (b) with RN in... | Download Scientific Diagram LTE radio access network structure (a) without RN and (b) with RN in... | Download Scientific Diagram](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231181690/figure/fig1/AS:300366559236101@1448624376725/LTE-radio-access-network-structure-a-without-RN-and-b-with-RN-in-urban-zone.png)
LTE radio access network structure (a) without RN and (b) with RN in... | Download Scientific Diagram
![3GPP agrees plan for first release of 5G specifications, including the New Radio access technology | TelecomTV 3GPP agrees plan for first release of 5G specifications, including the New Radio access technology | TelecomTV](https://assets.telecomtv.com/assets/telecomtv/ttv-graphic-3gpp-nr-2716.png?w=1280)
3GPP agrees plan for first release of 5G specifications, including the New Radio access technology | TelecomTV
![Dynamic Relaying in 3GPP LTE-Advanced Networks | EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking | Full Text Dynamic Relaying in 3GPP LTE-Advanced Networks | EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking | Full Text](https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1155%2F2009%2F731317/MediaObjects/13638_2009_Article_1735_Fig1_HTML.jpg)
Dynamic Relaying in 3GPP LTE-Advanced Networks | EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking | Full Text
![Toward 5G cloud radio access network: An energy and latency perspective - Bassoli - 2021 - Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies - Wiley Online Library Toward 5G cloud radio access network: An energy and latency perspective - Bassoli - 2021 - Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies - Wiley Online Library](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/08926e6b-d88a-42ba-949d-e61b6d583cf4/ett3669-fig-0001-m.jpg)